FC Portugal wins RoboCup 2025 in the 3D Simulated Soccer League

In the 3D Soccer Simulation League 2 teams of 11 simulated humanoid robots play soccer against each other using a common simulator. The Simulation League focus on artificial intelligence and team strategy. Independently moving software players (agents) play soccer on a virtual field inside a computer.

The FC Portugal team, a partnership between the Institute of Electronic and Computer Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA/UA) and the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), won the 3D Simulated Robotics Soccer competition at RoboCup 2025, Salvador, Brazil. FC Portugal also won the Free/Scientific Challenge Sim3D League.

The FC Portugal team is based on behaviors developed using Artificial Intelligence, specifically Reinforcement Learning, and uses multi-agent techniques for team coordination. The game’s safety and robustness are enhanced by fast, omnidirectional movement on the field (humanoid robots can move in all directions) and excellent ball handling.